• Digital Technology

    ABAP 7.5x Quick Reference

    fig_admin Posted on

    1. Assignments
    2. Data Types
    3. Enumerated Types (7.51)
    4. Virtual Sort (7.52)
    5. Indicators (7.55)
    6. LOOP AT……STEP n (7.57)
    7. CORRESPONDING Operator Using the Additions MAPPING and DEFAULT (7.58)

    1. Asignments

    1.1 Numeric calculation assignment (7.54)

    Assignment Before 7.54 Since 7.54

    +=,  -=, *=, /=

    DATA(num) = 2.

    num = num + 1.

    DATA(num) = 2.

    num += 1.

    1.2 String assignment (7.54)

    Assignment Before Version Since Version
    &&=

    DATA text TYPE string.
    text = ‘concatenate’.

    text = text

    && | Me!|

    DATA text TYPE string.
    text = ‘Concatenate’.

    text

    &&= | Me!|.
    Before 7.57 Since 7.57

    DATA(field) = ‘exists’.

    ASSIGN (‘field’) TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs>).
    IF <fs> IS ASSIGNED.
    …
    ENDIF.

    ASSIGN (‘nofield’) TO <fs>.
    IF <fs> IS ASSIGNED
      AND sy-subrc = 0.  “assigned on 2nd assign
    …
    ENDIF.

    DATA(field) = ‘exists’.

    ASSIGN (‘field’) TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs>).
    IF <fs> IS ASSIGNED.
    …
    ENDIF.

    ASSIGN (‘nofield’) TO <fs> ELSE UNASSIGN.

    IF <fs> IS ASSIGNED.
    …
    ENDIF.

    1.4 ASSIGN struct-(comp) (7.57)

    Before 7.57 Since 7.57

    BEGIN OF  tystruc,            
      comp1 TYPE i,  comp2 TYPE i,
    END OF tystruc

    FIELD-SYMBOLS: <struc> TYPE any, <comp> TYPE any.

    ASSIGN struc TO <struc>.
    DATA(name) = ‘<struc>-comp1’.

    DO 1000 TIMES. “runs in approx. 60 ms
      ASSIGN  (name) TO <comp>.
    ENDDO.

    ASSIGN struc TO <struc>.
    DATA(name) = ‘COMP1’.

    DO 1000 TIMES.  “runs in approx. 50 ms
      ASSIGN  <struc>-(name) TO <comp>.
    ENDDO.

    “Or alternatively

    DO 1000 TIMES.    “Runs in approx. 50 ms
      ASSIGN  <struc>-(1) TO <comp>.
    ENDDO.

    1.5 RETURN [expr] for functional methods (7.58)

    Before Version Since Version

    METHOD square. “IMPORTING root TYPE i
                              “RETURNING VALUE(r) TYPE i.
     DATA square type i.
       TRY.
         square = ipow( base = root exp = 2 ).
        CATCH cx_sy_arithmetic_error.
         square = 0.
      ENDTRY.

      r = square.
    ENDMETHOD.

    METHOD square. “IMPORTING root TYPE i
                              “RETURNING VALUE(r) TYPE i.
      TRY.
         RETURN ipow( base = root exp = 2 ).
        CATCH cx_sy_arithmetic_error.
          RETURN 0.
      ENDTRY.

    ENDMETHOD.

    2. Data Types

    Version New Data Type Description                                    

    7.50

    INT8

    8-byte integers with signs

    Value range: -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to +9,223,372,036,854,775,807

    Output length: 20

    7.54

    DECFLOAT16

    DECFLOAT34

    Decimal floating point number

    DF16_SCL and DF34_SCL now obsolete

    7.54

    DATN

    Date in internal format of database

    Initial value: 0  (DATS has initial value 00000000)

    7.54

    TIMN

    Time in internal format of database

    Initial value: 0  (TIMNS has initial value 000000)

    7.54

    UTCLONG

    Time stamp (exact to 100 ns)

    Valid Places: 27

    Initial value: 0 

    7.54

    GEOM_EWKB

    Geometric data in EWKB representation

    Initial value: Empty string

    3. Enumerated Types (7.51)

    Syntax

    TYPES BEGIN OF ENUM enum_type    [STRUCTURE struc]      [BASE TYPE dtype].
      TYPES val1 [VALUE IS INITIAL],
      TYPES val2 [VALUE val],
      TYPES val3 [VALUE val],
      …
    TYPES END OF ENUM enum_type     [STRUCTURE struc].

     Description

    Defines a list of allowed values. 

    Example 

    Syntax checker flags invalid assignment:

    TYPES: BEGIN OF ENUM planet,
        mercury,
        venus,
        earth,
        mars,
        jupiter,
        saturn,
        uranus,
        neptune,
    END OF ENUM planet.

    DATA planet type planet.

    planet = earth.
    planet = Nebula. “Syntax error: Field “NEBULA” is unknown

    4. Virtual Sort (7.52)

    Syntax

    cl_abap_itab_utilities=>virtual_sort( IMPORTING IM_VIRTUAL_SOURCE
                                                                                  IM_FILTER_INDEX
                                                             RETURNING RT_VIRTUAL_INDEX )

    Description

    For the given source table(s) and filter criteria a structure index numbers is returned. These index numbers are in the required order to effectuate the requested sort. This index structure can be used to create a sorted table(s).

    Examples

    Single Table

    For full example see class cl_demo_virtual_sort_simple.

    ITAB

    COL1 COL2 COL3 COL4
    6 4 G I
    1 7 D F
    6 9 A B
    2 4 H B
    1 4 A H
    4 3 I J
    10 8 E E
    2 1 E D
    9 5 C G
    1 1 G B

    v_index

    DATA(v_index) = cl_abap_itab_utilities=>virtual_sort(
                                 im_virtual_source = VALUE #(( source = REF #( itab )
                                 components = VALUE #( ( name = ‘col1’ )  ( name = ‘col2’ ) ) ) ) ).

    Result:   v_index = (10, 5, 2, 8, 4, 6, 1, 3, 9, 7)

    sorted_tab

    DATA sorted_tab TYPE itab.
    sorted_tab = VALUE #( FOR idx IN v_index ( itab[ idx ] ) ).
    COL1 COL2 COL3 COL4
    1 1 G B
    1 4 A H
    1 7 D F
    2 1 E D
    2 4 H B
    4 3 I J
    6 4 G I
    6 9 A B
    9 5 C G
    10 8 E E

    v_index (re-assigned)

    v_index = cl_abap_itab_utilities=>virtual_sort(
                            im_virtual_source = VALUE #(
                                  ( source = REF #( itab )
                                    components = VALUE #(
                                       ( name = ‘col3’
                                         astext = abap_true
                                         descending = abap_true )
                                       ( name = ‘col4’
                                         astext = abap_true
                                         descending = abap_true ) ) ) ) ).
    Result:   v_index = (6, 4, 1, 10, 7, 8, 2, 9, 5, 3)

    sorted_tab (re-assigned)

    sorted_tab = VALUE #( FOR idx IN v_index ( itab[ idx ] ) ).
    4 3 I J
    2 4 H B
    6 4 G I
    1 1 G B
    10 8 E E
    2 1 E D
    1 7 D F
    9 5 C G
    1 4 A H
    6 9 A B

    Two tables

    For full example see class cl_demo_virtual_sort_combined.

    ITAB1

    COL1 COL2
    0 0
    1 1
    1 1
    1 1
    0 0
    1 0
    1 0
    1 0
    0 0
    1 1

    ITAB2

    COL1 COL2
    X X
    X X
    Y Y
    X Y
    X X
    Y Y
    X Y
    X Y
    Y X
    Y Y

    v_index

    v_index = cl_abap_itab_utilities=>virtual_sort(
                         im_virtual_source = VALUE #(
                             ( source = REF #( itab1 )
                               components = VALUE #( ( name = ‘col1’ )
                                                                       ( name = ‘col2’ ) ) )
                             ( source = REF #( itab2 )
                               components = VALUE #( ( name = ‘col1’
                                                                       astext = abap_true
                                                              descending = abap_true )
                                                                      ( name = ‘col2’
                                                                       astext = abap_true
                                                              descending = abap_true ) ) ) ) ).
    Result:   v_index = (9, 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 3, 10, 4, 2)

    comb_tab

    TYPES:
    BEGIN OF test_line,
    col11 TYPE i,
    col12 TYPE i,
    col21 TYPE string,
    col22 TYPE string,
    END OF test_line,
    test_tab TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF test_line WITH EMPTY KEY.
    DATA sorted_tab1 TYPE itab1.
    sorted_tab1 = VALUE #( FOR idx IN v_index ( itab1[ idx ] ) ).
    DATA sorted_tab2 TYPE itab2.
    sorted_tab2 = VALUE #( FOR idx IN v_index ( itab2[ idx ] ) ).

    FINAL(comb_tab) = VALUE test_tab( FOR i = 1 UNTIL i > 10
                                          ( col11 = sorted_tab1[ i ]-col1
                                            col12 = sorted_tab1[ i ]-col2
                                            col21 = sorted_tab2[ i ]-col1
                                            col22 = sorted_tab2[ i ]-col2 ) ).
    COL11 COL12 COL21 COL22
    0 0 Y X
    0 0 X X
    0 0 X X
    1 0 Y Y
    1 0 X Y
    1 0 Y Y
    1 1 Y Y
    1 1 Y Y
    1 1 X Y
    1 1 X X

     5. Indicators (7.55)

    Syntax

    TYPES dtype TYPE struct WITH INDICATORS ind [{TYPE type}].          […AS BITFIELD from 7.56]

    UPDATE dbtab FROM TABLE  itab INDICATORS [NOT] SET STRUCTURE set_ind.

    Description

    When used with “TYPES” it adds a component ind at the end of the structure struc the same number of first-level components.

    This can be used together with UPDATE dbtab to only update the components flagged for update.

    Example

    For full example see class cl_demo_update_set_indicator.

    DB table DEMO_UPDATE:

    ID COL1 COL2 COL3 COL4
    A 1 10 100 0
    B 2 20 200 0
    C 3 30 300 0
    D 4 40 400 0
    E 5 50 500 0
    F 6 60 600 0

    Internal table ind_tab:

    TYPES ind_wa TYPE demo_update WITH INDICATORS col_ind
    TYPE abap_bool.
    DATA ind_tab TYPE TABLE OF ind_wa.

    ind_tab = VALUE #(
        ( id = ‘D’ col4 = 4000 col_ind-col4 = abap_true )
        ( id = ‘E’ col4 = 5000 col_ind-col4 = abap_true )
        ( id = ‘F’ col4 = 6000 col_ind-col4 = abap_true ) ).
    ID COL1 COL2 COL3 COL4 COL_IND
    D 0 0 0 4000 X
    E 0 0 0 5000 X
    F 0 0 0 6000 X

    Update DB:

    UPDATE demo_update FROM TABLE @IND_tab
                                         INDICATORS SET STRUCTURE col_ind.

    DB table DEMO_UPDATE:

    ID COL1 COL2 COL3 COL4
    A 1 10 100 0
    B 2 20 200 0
    C 3 30 300 0
    D 4 40 400 4000
    E 5 50 500 5000
    F 6 60 600 6000

    6. MOVE-CORRESPONDING … EXPANDING NESTED TABLES       KEEPING TARGET LINES   (7.56)

    Example

    For full example see class cl_demo_move_crrspndng_itab.

    Given 2 internal tables

    jeffrey_towell2_0-1730695444276.png

    jeffrey_towell2_1-1730695456146.png

    MOVE-CORRESPONDING itab1 TO itab2.

    jeffrey_towell2_2-1730695506755.png

    MOVE-CORRESPONDING itab1 TO itab2 KEEPING TARGET LINES.

    jeffrey_towell2_3-1730695573224.png

    MOVE-CORRESPONDING itab1 TO itab2 EXPANDING NESTED TABLES.

    jeffrey_towell2_4-1730695619900.png

    MOVE-CORRESPONDING itab1 TO itab2 EXPANDING NESTED TABLES
                                      KEEPING TARGET LINES.

    jeffrey_towell2_5-1730695654538.png

    7. LOOP AT……STEP n (7.57)

    Description

    STEP can be used with LOOP, FOR, APPEND, DELETE, INSERT, VALUE and NEW.

    For LOOP and FOR, if n is negative, then the loop starts at the last line of the table and goes backwards with a step size of n.

    Example

    For full example see class cl_demo_loop_at_itab_using_stp.

    DATA itab TYPE HASHED TABLE OF i WITH UNIQUE KEY table_line
    WITH NON-UNIQUE SORTED KEY sec_key
    COMPONENTS table_line
    ##TABKEY[PRIMARY_KEY][SEC_KEY].

    itab = VALUE #( ( 4 ) ( 3 ) ( 7 ) ( 11 ) ( 1 ) ( 5 ) ).

    LOOP AT itab ASSIGNING <fs> STEP 2.
        tabix = sy-tabix.
        result = VALUE #( BASE result ( tabix = tabix value = <fs> ) ).
    ENDLOOP.

    Result: result = [(0, 0, 0)  (4, 7, 1)]       “Note tabix is always 0.
    LOOP AT itab ASSIGNING <fs> STEP -2.
        tabix = sy-tabix.
        result = VALUE #( BASE result ( tabix = tabix value = <fs> ) ).
    ENDLOOP
    Result:   result = [(0, 0, 0)  (5, 11, 3)]       “Note tabix is always 0.

     8. CORRESPONDING Operator Using the Additions MAPPING and DEFAULT  (7.58)

    Syntax

    CORRESPONDING #( struc1 MAPPING t1 = [s1] DEFAULT expr…)

    Explanation

    Where struc1 is the source structure and s1 is a component of the source structure.

    When s1 is supplied the result of the expression (expr) is only assigned if s1 is initial. Else s1 is assigned.

    When s1 is not supplied then the result of the expression is always assigned regardless of whether  s1 is initial.

    Example

    For full example see class cl_demo_corr_op_map_default.

    DATA: BEGIN OF struc1,
        id1 TYPE i,
        a TYPE string,
        b TYPE string,
        c TYPE i,
        d TYPE string,
        e TYPE i,
    END OF struc1.

    DATA: BEGIN OF struc2,
        id2 TYPE i,
        a TYPE string,
        b TYPE string,
        c TYPE i,
        d TYPE string,
        z TYPE i,
    END OF struc2.

    “Empty internal table
    DATA itab1 LIKE TABLE OF struc1 WITH EMPTY KEY.

    “Filling structure
    struc1 = VALUE #( id1 = 1 a = `a` b = “ c = 2 d = “ e = 0 ).
    struc2 = CORRESPONDING #(
                      struc1 MAPPING id2 = id1
                                                     b = b DEFAULT `ha` && `llo`
                                                     c = c DEFAULT 1 + 5
                                                     d = d DEFAULT VALUE #( itab1[ 1 ]-d DEFAULT `hi` )
                                                     z = DEFAULT 9.

    Component

    Value

    ID2

    1

    a

    a

    b

    hallo

    src b is initial

    c

    2

    src c is not initial

    d

    hi

    itab1[1]-d invalid. Would shortdump without DEFAULT

    z

    src e is initial

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